8. Alba, Koch

(Hicoria alba, Brit. C. tomentosa, Nutt. Not to be confounded with C. alba, Nutt., which is C. ovata). Mockernut. Big-bud Hickory. Tree, rarely attaining to 100 ft.: leaflets 7-9, almost sessile, oblong-lanceolate, long-acuminate, usually finely serrate, glandular and tomentose beneath, very fragrant when crushed, 4-8 in. long: fruit globose to pear-shaped, 1 1/2-2 in. long; nut light brown, globular to oblong, slightly compressed, angled, narrowed toward the apex, thick-shelled; kernel small, sweet. Mass. to Ont. and Neb., south to Fla. and Texas. S.S. 7:350-1. U.S.N. C. 12, 1-3. Em. 222.

cc. Bark shaggy, light gray: branches and petioles glabrous or pubescent: husk very thick, separating to the base: outer bud-scales persisting through the winter.

9. Laciniosa, Engler & Graebn

(Hicoria laciniosa, Sarg. H. acuminata, Dipp. C. sulcata, Nutt.). Big or Bottom Shell-bark Hickory. King-Nut. Tall tree, occasionally to 120 ft.: branchlets orange-red: leaflets 7-9, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, pubescent when young, usually glabrous at length, 4-8 in. long: fruit generally oblong, 1 3/4-2 1/2 in. long; nut yellowish white, oblong, but sometimes as broad as long, slightly compressed and obscurely 4-angled, pointed at both ends; kernel sweet. N. Y. to Iowa, south to Tenn, and Okla. S.S. 7:348-9. U.S. N.C. 11.

10. Ovata, Koch (Hicoria Ovata, Brit. C. Alba, Nutt.)

Shagbark Hickory. Also Little Shellbark Hickory, although the latter name by some is applied to the preceding. Figs. 830, 831. Tree, occasionally to 120 ft.: leaflets generally 5, sessile, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, densely fimbriate, pubescent and glandular when young, glabrous at length, 4-6 in. long: fruit subglobose, about 1 1/2-2 1/2 in. long; nut white, oblong to broadly obovate, 4-angled; kernel sweet. From Que. to Minn., south to Fla. and Texas. S.S. 7:346-7. Em. 217. U.S.N.C. 10. A.G. 11:386, 6, 9; 387, 3; 388, 11. Gng. 7:51. A.F. 14:339. - Next to Pecan the best as a fruit tree, especially for northern states, where the pecan is not quite hardy. Several named varieties are in trade, of which probably variety Halesii, Hort., with large, thin-shelled nut, is the best known. An ornamental, often very picturesque tree; the stout branches forming a rather broad, usually somewhat open, head. variety Nut-tallii, Sarg. (C. microcarpa, Nutt, in part). fruit smaller; nut rounded, usually obcordate, much compressed and prominently angled, about 1/2in. across.

Mass. to Pa. and Mo. Nut-tall, Silv. N. Am. 1:13. variety fraxinifdlia, Sarg. leaflets lanceolate or nearly oblanceolate, the terminal one 5-6 in. long and l 3/4-2 in. wide: fruit generally smaller, ovoid, pointed, 1 1/4 in. long; nut long-pointed. W. N. Y.

C. arkansana, Sarg. Allied to C. glabra. Tree, to 70 ft.: bark dark gray, scaly: branchlets pubescent: leaflets 5-7, lanceolate, densely pubescent when unfolding, glabrous at maturity, 4-7 in. long: fruit ovoid or obovoid; husk usually splitting to the middle; nut slightly obovoid; shell very thick and hard; kernel sweet, small. Ark. and Okla. S.T.S. 2:181. - C. Buckleyi, Durand (C. texana, Buckl., not DC). Allied to C. alba. Tree, to 50 ft., with dark, furrowed bark: leaflets 7, lanceolate or oblanceolate, pubescent on the veins below, 3-6 in. long: fruit subglobose or ovoid, 1 1/2 in. across; husk thin, splitting to the base; nut reddish brown, veined; shell hard; kernel sweet. Texas to Okla. and Ark. S.T.S. 2:182. - C. carolinx-septentrionalis, Engler & Graebn. (Hicoria carolina-sep-tentrionalis, Ashe). Allied to C. ovata. Branchlets slender: leaflets 3-5, lanceolate, glabrous: fruit smaller; nut thin-shelled. N. C. to Ga. S.S. 14:720. - C. floridana, Sarg. Allied to C. cordiformis. Buds valvate, brownish yellow: leaflets usually 5, elliptic-oblong to lanceolate, densely scaly beneath, 2-3 1/2 in. long: fruit obovoid, about 1 in. long, husk tardily splitting to the base; nut obovoid or subglobose. Fla. S.T.S. 2:177. - C. megacarpa, Sarg. Closely related to C. glabra.

Bark close: buds larger:

Fig. 830. Twig of Carya ovata.

Fig. 831. Fruit of Carya ovata, the shagbam hickory. The cross-section is to show structure, not to show a good horticultural fruit. (Natural size.) leaflets to 8 in. long: fruit broadly obovoid, to 11/2 in. long; husk thick, tardily dehiscent to the middle; nut obovoid; kernel small, sweet. N.Y. to Mo. and Fla. S.T.S. 2:180. - C. mexicana, Engelm. Tree, with shaggy bark and tomentose-pubescent leaves: fruit depressed, with rather thick husk and broad, sharply 4-angled, white nut. Mex. The only species not native to the U. S. - C. texana, DC. (Hicoria texana, Le Conte). Similar to C. Pecan, but leaflets broader, less falcate, almost sessile: nut smaller, much darker, with somewhat rough surface; kernel bitter. Texas. S. S. 14:719. - C. texana, Buckl.= C. Buckleyi. Alfred Rehder.