This section is from "The Horticulturist, And Journal Of Rural Art And Rural Taste", by P. Barry, A. J. Downing, J. Jay Smith, Peter B. Mead, F. W. Woodward, Henry T. Williams. Also available from Amazon: Horticulturist and Journal of Rural Art and Rural Taste.
Thinking that a few hints on the natural productions of Iowa may be interesting to your numerous readers, I propose making a few remarks on the wild fruits, and some of the most important forest trees of Northern Iowa. The Wild Plum abounds, and is found everywhere, interspersed with groves of crab apple and thorn. The varieties are numerous, representing every variety of shade and color, and in size from an ounce leaden ball to the dimensions of the Green Gage. Some possessing the astringent qualities of the Persimmon, and others - the largest and finest - having the exquisite flavor of the Imperial Gage. The season of ripening is equally various. The earliest variety, which is most abundant, is red; about three-fourths of an inch in diameter, and perfectly round. They usually command seventy-five cents to one dollar per bushel in the towns. The plum crop the past season was almost a failure, owing to cold rains during efflorescence. The little "Lark" here too commits his depredations, but not to any great extent.
In some places the trees are badly affected with the " black knot".
Gooseberries of a purplish color abound, but drop off as soon as ripe, and are not of high flavor. A variety of the Black Currant grows in moist situations. It is of inferior quality, and is subject to a kind of mildew blight. It makes an excellent stock for grafting the cultivated varieties upon. It makes an ornamental bush if properly trained. Two varieties of raspberries abound: the Red and Black Cap. The latter is almost worthless when they grow in the thinly timbered districts. In point of flavor, they form no comparison with the old and well-known varieties of the Black Cap, that replenished the fence corners in the East. The Red variety is much larger, and more abundant. It is profusely spread over the prairie adjoining the timber. It is early and worthy of cultivation. Strawberries are found in most situations. There are two varieties: one being much more acid and of more conical form. The forest trees are not numerous. The Sugar Maple, (acer 8acharinum,) and the White Maple, (acer eriocarpum,) are abundant in some localities. The Box Elder, or ash-leaved maple, (acer negundo,)is also found. It is a beautiful tree, coming out in leaf in early spring, before any other, its location is easily distinguished.
The Butternut, (Juglans cinera,) and Black Walnut, (Juglans nigra.) The Cottonwood, (populus Canadensis,) is everywhere found along the streams. In adjacent districts, when the soil is overturned, the surface in a few years is covered with the trees where the seeds have been wafted by the winds. The Aspen, (P. tremulus,) whiten the woods in many places; the Black Ash, (Fraxinus quadrangu-lata,) and Blue Ash, (F. sambucifolia.) The Oaks form a prominent part of the wooded district, the principal of which are Red Oak, (quercus suber,) and Brier Oak, as it is here called. The White Oak, (quercus alba,) is seldom met with. The Quercitron, black or yellow oak, (Q. tinctoria,) is mingled sparsely with the rest. Amongst the hickories, the Pignut is most numerous. The Shagbark hickory, (carya alba,) is also found. The Bass-wood, (Tilia Americana,) is abundant, and is everywhere found. Of the Elm, (ulmus,) there are several varieties. The Hackberry, or Purple Ash, (celtis crassifolia,) is peculiar to the Western States, and attains a large size on some of the Western rivers. The Red Cedar is found on the banks of the Cedar River, from whence the name is derived. The shrubs and plants are numerous.
Flowers of brilliant hues adorn the Prairie.
 
Continue to: