In a moderately dry and temperate summer, more cheese is made than in one which is very wet.

"The pastures are generally looked upon as permanent; the night pastures are sometimes absolutely so, as it supposed that they have not generally been broken up for many hundred years. During the last ten years the pasture lands have been very greatly, and, as they tell me, almost incredibly improved by the use of bone dust. It is applied in the quantity of from twenty to forty cwt. on an acre, as top dressing, and I was told that pastures on which it had been applied at the rate of a ton to an acre, eight or nine years ago, had continued as good, (or able on an average of the years to bear as many cows,) as similar land top-dressed with farm-yard dung every two years, probably at the rate of thirty cubic yards to an acre. There seems to be no doubt at all, that land to which inch bones were applied ten years ago, arc yet much the better for it. They are usually applied in April, and the ground is lightly pastured, or perhaps not at all, until the following year. The effect, the farmers say, is not merely to make the growth stronger, but to make it sweeter; the cattle will even eat the weeds, which before they would not taste of.

However, in poor land especially, it is found to encourage the growth of the more valuable grasses more than that of the weeds, so that the latter are crowded out, and a clean, thick, close turf is formed. If the ground has been drained, all these improvements are much accelerated andlncreased. Upon newly laid down lands however, the effect is not so great; it is especially on old pastures, (from which the extraction of phosphates in the milk has been going on for ages sometimes, uninterruptedly,) that the improvement is most magical. The productive value of such lands is very frequently known to have been doubled by the first dressing of bones.

"Both boiled and raw bones are used, and though there is a general belief that the latter are more valuable, I do not hear of any experience that has shown it; on the contrary, I am told of one field which was dressed on different sides equally with each sort, and now, several years after, no difference has been observed in their effect. A comparison must, of course, be made by measure, as boiled bones are generally bought wet, and over-weigh equal bulks of raw about 25 per cent. Dry bone-dust weighs from 45 to 50 lbs. to a bushel".

We believe every American goes abroad with the idea, that nowhere are the people at large so intelligent and well educated as his countrymen at home; and, take the population of the country at large, he is right. But at the same time, no educated and unprejudiced American can fail to be struck with the superior manners of the middle classes in Europe, to the corresponding class here, and the greater value placed upon the mere manner of doing a thing. This is, to be sure, the result of an old civilization in part - but also in part to the little pains taken among our people, generally, to cultivate the finer feelings. Only the intellect is cared for in the schools - and home education is almost unrecognized by the people at large. Mr. Olmsted's remarks on the conversation of the women of the middle classes that he met, and which we fully corroborate, are as follows:

" There are peculiarities in the speech of these women that would distinguish them anywhere from native Americans. Perhaps the novelty of them is pleasing, but it has seemed to us that the speech of most of the people above the lowest class of laborers that we have met, is more agreeable and better than we often hear at home. Perhaps the climate may have effect in .making the people more habitually animated - the utterance more distinct and varied. Sentences are more generally finished with a rising inflection, syllables are more forcibly accented, and quite often, as with our landlady, there is a rich musical tone in the conversational voice, to which we are not yet so much accustomed, but that it compels us to listen deferentially. I wonder that beauty of speech is not more thought of as an accomplishment. It is surely capable of great cultivation, and should not be forgotten in education.

"Except in the lower class, the choice of words seems often elegant, and we hear very few idiomatic phrases or provincialisms. Where we do notice them, in the class I am now speaking of, it would not seem an affectation of singular language in an educated person with us, but rather a fortunate command of vigorous Saxon words. We have never any difficulty in understanding them, while we do sometimes have to reconstruct our sentences, and find substitutes for some of our words, before we are plainly understood. The "II" difficulty is an exception to all this, with nearly all the people, except the most polished, that we have met".

The cleanliness and neatness of English people, is another point of civilisation which strikes an American as essentially different from what he sees in the same persons, or even those of far greater means, at home.

Nothing is so disgusting in this country, or so great a reproach to the social refinement of the people, as the want of cleanliness in servants of our hotels and steamboats. Fine mirrors and carpets, silver forks, and immense salons - but servants in attendance daily, without a single clean article of clothing that would be tolerated in a stable in England.* The following account of our author's embarrassment at the quantity of bathing; utensils in a first-rate English private residence, and the anecdote that follows it, are significant commentaries on our short-comings in certain essential points of civilization - as we think, still unrecognized in this country generally, despite our superior popular education:

"The bed-chambers and dressing-rooms were furnished to look exceedingly cosy and comfortable, but there was nothing very remarkable about them, except perhaps the immense preparation made for washing the person. I confess if I had been quartered in one of them, I should have needed all my Yankee capabilities, to guess in what way I could make a good use of it.