This section is from "The Horticulturist, And Journal Of Rural Art And Rural Taste", by P. Barry, A. J. Downing, J. Jay Smith, Peter B. Mead, F. W. Woodward, Henry T. Williams. Also available from Amazon: Horticulturist and Journal of Rural Art and Rural Taste.
Vine C. Eight grafts of supposed Rebecca, but now believed to be Chasselas. But one grew. The growth was remarkable for size and vigor. The main stem, with six large branches from near the ground, made a united growth of 64 1/2- feet; small branches on laterals, not less than 20; making a total length of 84 1/2 feet. The stem is seven-eighths of an inch in diameter near the ground. The wood is now so tender that I have no hopes of finding it alive next spring, although I mean to cover it well with earth.
Vine D. Three grafts of Union Village. All failed. " E. One do. Taylor's Bullitt. Lived. Cane, 1 foot. " F. Two do. do. One grew. Cane, 3 feet.
" G. Four Annas. All failed.
" H. Two grafts. Lenoir. Failed.
" I. Six Dianas. One grew. Cane, 10 feet. Laterals, 10 feet. " J. Two De Candolles. Both grew. Canes,- 36 feet. Laterals, 10 feet. " K. Four Dianas. One grew. Cane, 8 feet. Laterals, 6 feet " L. Two Herbemonts. One grew. Cane, 12 feet. Laterals, which were untouched, 71 feet Total, 83 feet.
Vine M. Two Dianas, on young root, 2 years old. One grew. Cane, 17 feet. " N. One Anna. Failed. " O. One Anna. do. The Anna is the most refractory of all the Grapes I have attempted to manage. I can neither propagate it by grafting, nor in hot-beds, from single eyes.
A fraction more than a third of my Delaware grafts succeeded; and of the other varieties just a fourth. Yet I have some very fine vines among the latter and feel flattered with my success. Those vines which have failed can be tried again, and if need be, repeatedly, until they are converted into the best kinds. No one who has a wild or otherwise worthless vine in his garden should regard it as a cumberer of the ground. Simply as a stock to graft upon, it is worth several dollars to those who value time.
The question still remains unsettled as to the best time of grafting. Some can have no success unless they operate before the flow of the sap; others, and perhaps the majority, contend that the only proper time is after the sap has begun to move. There are rare cases of skill fulness in which success is as uniformly met with as in grafting the Apple. What is much to be desired is, that teachers of horticulture should throw such light upon the subject as would enable farmers generally to perform the operation.
A few remarks in this connection, but not directly on the subject A curious fact observed by me was, that nearly every one of my grafts began to grow simultaneously with other vegetation. All put forth two or three leaves in due time, which induced me to think that I would not have a single failure. Some continued to grow, but the greater part stopped suddenly; some for days, some for weeks, and a few for as long a period as three months. These latter died, or rather seemed to die; but in June suddenly threw out several buds from around the old bud. These grew with great rapidity; and in the case of a Delaware and a De Candolle, ripened their wood. A Diana, under similar circumstances, failed to ripen the wood.
When they became set, they grew with such astonishing rapidity that they seemed almost transparent for a foot or two from their extremities. They were as tender and fragile as a young cucumber vine, and in several instances were broken off apparently by a sudden fall of rain or gust of wind. But their chief enemy, while in this tender state, was an unknown insect, whose method of attack was somewhat singular. The soft and tender cane was punctured entirely around, as if it had been carefully done with a small pin or needle. The end of the branch would fall off, in most cases, within an hour after being punctured; but in a few cases, where the wood had acquired some consistence, the branch recovered, but never perfectly, an elevated ring remaining, which marked a weak spot, where the vine would snap off if an attempt were made to bend it. This vexatious and somewhat discouraging matter turned my attention to the science of "bug-ology,* and I sought diligently for information to clear up the mystery. But the limited resources at my command failed to enlighten me. I felt like consulting Dr. Asa Fitch, but knew nothing of his whereabouts. I went out on picket duty against my enemy very often; was willing to descend to the barbarity of bushwhacking, any thing to rid myself of them.
But I never caught them off guard; indeed, am not sure that I ever saw a single individual. They must certainly have had masked batteries. And thus it is I do not know whether they belong to the order of big bugs or little bugs, or bugs of any kind. Some friends charged the damage upon cut-worms, and to head them I applied bands of raw cotton at the surface of the ground. But they must have been innocent, as I found twigs cut off or punctured twenty feet from the ground. Ants were next accused, and they were attempted to be dosed with "Lyon's Magnetic Powder." The evil continued. Another experimental preventive was a strong decoction of aloes, poured over the tender shoots. Another failure; and so with all. Can Mr. Mead tell me the name of this secret foe? My suspicions are very strong against the Curculio; for during these forays upon my vines, I found many of them upon the leaves, which they seemed to eat and subsist upon. They had a cunning trick of falling dead to the ground as soon as they saw me coming; but I surprised and captured enough to satisfy me that they were the true stock.
As I have neither plums, nor apples, nor pears, nor cherries, for them to prey upon, may not necessity have driven them to the tender grape-shoots?
Another disconnected remark: A late meeting of the Cincinnati Horticultural Society condemned the Taylor's Bullitt Grape as "worthless." "Quality excellent " are the words used in regard to it in report of Committee of the late Grape Growers Convention, at Lancaster, Pa.
Between such august doctors I will attempt no decision; but would say, that of all my many varieties there is none which can compare with it in beauty of foliage, and few, if any, excel it in vigor. These qualities, with its hardiness, adapt it, above all other vines, to ornamental purposes.
[We are greatly pleased to know that your perseverance has been rewarded by a considerable measure of success. Your article will be very interesting to every man who grows a vine. In regard to the time of grafting, whether just before or after the flow of the sap is a matter of less importance than the proper condition of the graft. We shall endeavor to explain this by-and-by. Your "bug " may be the Curculio, but we are inclined to think it is a small brown beetle, which you will do well to look after next season. With us the Taylor's Bullitt is a rampant grower. It has not yet fruited; the fruit that has been sent to us, however, has not been good. We suspect there are two plants out under this name. Do not let it be long before we hear from you again. - Ed].
 
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