The more important soiling corps are: winter grains (cut before blooming), peas and oats, alfalfa, clover, vetch, soybeans, millet, cowpeas, corn, sorghum, and rape.

If it is desired to feed green crops throughout the entire season, the following rotation is suggested (Woll): —

(1)  Winter wheat or rye, ready to cut and feed during May;

(2)  Green clover, for feeding during the early part of June;

(3)  Oats and peas, sown as early as possible in the spring, and later two or three times at weekly intervals; available for feeding during the remainder of June and July;

(4)  Corn, or corn and sorghum, planted at the usual time, for feeding in August and September;

(5)  The land occupied by oats and peas when cleared may be sown to millet or barley, for feeding during the fall months.

The following crops for partial soiling are recommended by Jordan: Three sowings of peas and oats in May and early June, and two plantings of corn, one at the usual time, the other two weeks later. These crops will furnish a supply of green feed when this is most likely to be needed. Quincy included four crops in his system, viz. early clover (for feeding during May and June), oats (for July), corn (for August), second growth of clover or grass (September to October 15), tops of carrots and turnips, cabbages (October 15 to November).

Special rotations for soiling crops have been recommended by various authorities, and the farmer has the choice of a variety of crops that may be grown for this purpose. The rotations suitable for soiling included below are given as guides for farmers living in the states mentioned, or under similar agricultural conditions (collected by Woll): Soiling crops adapted to northern New England (Lindsey) (For 10 cows' entire soiling)

Time of planting an i feeding soiling crops (Phelps)

The dates given in the table apply to central Connecticut and regions under approximately similar conditions

Soiling crops for Pennsylvania (Watson and Mairs)

Crops for partial soiling for Illinois during midsummer (Fraser)

Succession of soiling crops for dairy cows for Wisconsin (Carlyle)

Remarks. - Feed in stable during day and turn cows on pasture at night, or feed carefully in the pasture, spreading the forage. After cutting rye, use same ground for the rape, flint corn, and sorghum, and after cutting peas and oats, use same ground for evergreen sweet corn and rape. After oats, sow peas and barley. In this way a single acre only is required (except alfalfa, which is permanent), and the forage produced is ample succulent feed for ten cows for nearly half, the year.

Mississippi. — " One of the best, surest and safest crops for soiling is sorghum, planted thick, and with the rows not over two feet apart. The sorghum may follow a crop of oats or some other early crop, and will withstand dry weather better than most other plants. Cow-peas are good, and corn may be used satisfactorily on land that will produce fair to large yields." (Moore.)

Kansas. — Dates when soiling crops are available: Alfalfa, May 20 to September 30; wheat, June 1 to June 15; oats, June 15 to June 30; sweet corn, July 15 to July 31; field corn, August 1 to September 15; sorghum, August 1 to September 30; kafir, August 1 to September 30; wheat and rye pasture, until the ground freezes. (Otis.)

Dates for planting and using soiling crops in western Oregon and western Washington (Hunter)

Rotation used successfully by practical dairymen in the middle latitudes

(40° N.)

Cover-Crops