An artificial product of camphor-ortho-quinon, in which one molecule of hydroxyl (HO) replaces one molecule of hydrogen (H) in the formula for camphor. It is a white crystalline powder, soluble in 10 per cent of cold water. It has a somewhat pungent and bitter taste. It precipitates myosin but not albumin from their solutions, respectively. It is inhibitory of the lower forms of organic life, stops fermentation, and converts haemoglobin into methaemoglobin, by preventing the absorption of oxygen. It paralyzes the nerve endings in the muscular layer of the vessels. Oxycamphor acts on the heart in a different manner from camphor—for while camphor stimulates the cardiac action in cold-blooded animals, oxycamphor retards and arrests. The differences are even greater in warm-blooded animals, camphor causing excitement and increased rate of breathing. Oxycamphor acts on the respiratory center, but not on the vaso-motor, except secondarily. In the treatment of dyspnoea the physiological actions furnish the indications for its administration. It should be very useful in cases of asthma, in the asthmatic paroxysms of emphysema. It will probably give relief to the excited breathing of phthisis and to the harassing cough.