This is a solution of gaseous ammonia in water. it has already been considered in relation to its preparation, properties, and external use (ii. 774). in its general operation, it is an arterial stimulant, corresponding in its effects with carbonate of ammonia (i. 562). it is not, however, much used internally; the carbonate of ammonia being generally preferred for a stimulant impression on the system, and the aromatic spirit of ammonia as an antacid, and local stimulant to the stomach. Nevertheless, it is occasionally employed; and the reader is referred to the two medicines just mentioned for the special purposes to which it may be applied. it has enjoyed some credit, as an internal and local remedy, in the bites of serpents and other venomous animals; and is thought to correct, in some degree, the effects of alcoholic intoxication.

The dose is from ten to thirty minims, which should be largely diluted when taken; not less than a wineglassful of water being required. A patient of mine once attempted to swallow a small portion undiluted. The interior of the mouth was intensely inflamed, and the tongue to a considerable extent excoriated. in such a case, the mouth should be immediately washed out with vinegar, and almond or olive oil afterwards applied. in poisoning by an over-dose of the solution swallowed, vinegar or lemon-juice should be promptly given as an antidote, the stomach well cleansed, almond oil then administered in emulsion, and measures employed to moderate the inflammation.