With a degree of emaciation amounting to a loss in body-weight of 10 or more per cent, one would normally expect a visualization of this loss not only in the face, which is undoubtedly one of the most sensitive indices of changes in body-weight, but in the appearance of the whole body. This was noted in all instances. To indicate the true body condition of these men, not only when they were on normal diet but likewise during the period of diet restriction, an extensive series of measurements of each subject, including lengths and girths, was desirable. Such a series was made for the special purpose of securing data for computing the surface area according to the formula of Du Bois.1 Since the landmarks used by Du Bois are thoroughly established and well known to all anatomists, and their measurements give several rather characteristic circumferences or girths, this series of records may be used not only for computing the body-surface, but to show, as the research progressed, the change in body-measurements, particularly in the girths, due to the degree of emaciation.

It is the custom of many anatomists and physiologists to use other circumferences and lengths and from these to compute various indices of nutrition, but lack of time prohibited our obtaining further measurements, for this series had to be made as a part of the extremely full program of these men during their Saturday evening sojourn in Boston. We believe, however, that the Du Bois measurements, which are now coming to be considered as standards in physiology, give all the data that can normally be required.

Additional information regarding the body condition of our subjects was supplied by a series of special photographs which were made on the same days as the Du Bois measurements, in accordance with a method previously outlined,2 and showed the subjects in profile, with left arm extended. Conference with Professor Elmer Berry, of the Y. M. C. A. College, has led us to believe that these photographs, while perhaps not strictly in accord with the usage of physical directors, are nevertheless sufficiently characteristic to indicate the general muscular condition of the subjects. Furthermore, by a method devised by one of us and subsequently described (see p. 242), these photographs have been used for computing the body-surface of the subjects,thus supplying a control upon the body-surface data computed from the Du Bois measurements.

Finally, for further comparison the predicted surface areas have been drawn off from the height-weight chart more recently devised by the Du Boises,3 which is based upon their earlier series of measurements.

We have therefore been able to secure accurate information regarding the effect of diet restriction upon the body condition of these men by means of three methods: (1) The Du Bois measurements, which show variations in circumferences and lengths and, by computation with the factors in the Du Bois linear formula, the changes in surface area; (2) the photographic method, which supplies visual evidence and, by computation, body-surface data for comparison with the data secured by the Du Bois method; (3) the Du Bois height-weight chart, which gives the body-surfaces of these men, based upon the heights and weights of the individual subjects.

1Du Bois and Du Bois, Arch. Intern. Med.. 1915. 15, p. 868.

2 Benedict, Am. Journ. Physiol., 1016, 41. p. 275.

3 Du Bois and Du Bois, Arch. Intern. Med., 1916, 17, p. 863.