Kon reported that he suffered from cold. He usually wore light weight underwear, but about the middle of November began to wear heavy union suits, with long sleeves and legs of ankle length, about two-thirds woolen. He also wore heavy woolen socks and a medium-weight overcoat.

Mon suffered from cold, also. He usually wore heavy cotton underclothes and stockings, but in 1917-18 found it necessary to wear wool during the winter and much heavier woolen stockings. Part of the time he wore a jersey sweater and a heavier overcoat than usual, with more blankets at night.

Bro wore, ordinarily, a regulation gymnasium suit as underwear, i. e., a jersey and running costume. During the cold weather of 1917-18 he wore a two-piece fleece-lined suit, but not all wool. This was of medium weight, with long sleeves and legs of ankle length. An extra sweater was worn in gymnasium work. Additional blankets were used at night, but he found it difficult to keep warm. He did not open his window so wide as usual.

The experiment ended for Squad B on January 28 and for Squad A on February 3. On February 8 the men of both squads were interviewed. They showed great uniformity of experience in regard to feeling cold during the period of reduced diet. In general, the members of Squad B did not change to heavier underclothing, and only one or two mentioned heavier outer clothing. The comments of the men, which are given here in detail, show that the contrast between the diet condition and the subsequent period of uncontrolled eating is definite, even though at the time of the interviews but a few days had elapsed since the close of the experiment.

Squad A

Bro had not changed the weight of clothing, but considered doing so mmediately, as he did not feel the cold so much as during the experiment.

Can said cold was not felt so keenly as during the experiment. No change in clothing, except for removal of sweater a part of the time. Much more comfortable than when on low diet; sometimes a little too warm; no change in bedding.

Kon had no doubt as to there being a great difference regarding his sensitiveness to cold; wearing the same clothing.

Gar had put on light silk stockings, but still wore long underclothing. He had not felt the cold so much since returning to full diet, but the weather had not been so cold.

Gul felt warmer than when on low diet. Had not begun to wear underclothes again except a 6-ounce jersey. Intended to put on underclothes the next day.

Mon did not feel cold on full diet. No change in clothing or bedding.

Moy did not notice cold so much as when on low diet; no change in clothing or bedding; sometimes felt too warm.

Pea had taken off flannel drawers and flannel shirt and wearing only a light weight cotton union suit. No change in bedding, but weather not so cold; windows open as usual.

Tom did not mind the cold so much and found that he was warmer in bed than when on the diet. Had taken off two pairs of blankets even during a recent period of cold weather.

Vea very sure that the cold was not felt so keenly as during the experiment. No change in clothing or bedding.

Squad B

Fis, while on low diet, wore the same clothing as usual, with heavy underwear, but was more sensitive to the cold than ordinarily. Endured the cold better after the experiment was over.

Har, during low diet, wore a sweater under his coat most of the time, particularly when out of doors. Felt the cold considerably, even with this extra clothing. After the experiment was over he was not cold and did not wear the sweater.

How said that since the experiment he did not notice the cold, this being the greatest difference between the low-diet period and full diet. No change in clothing or bedding. His room was warm, steam-heated. During low diet, felt the cold keenly, but did not change clothing at all. At a dance during the diet period, he was surprised that he did not perspire as usual.

Ham did not notice the cold when on low diet. Had worn the same weight of clothing all the time.

Kim felt the cold during the low diet but wore clothing as usual; more bed clothing at night, and had continued to use it, but did not feel the cold so much.

Lon had not noticed the sensation of cold so much since the end of the experiment. Wore heavier clothes during the low-diet period, including a regular woolen sweat-shirt over his undershirt, but on full diet found it too heavy. He wore woolen socks during the low-diet period and for three days after the experiment.

Sch, during the diet period, could not perspire; felt the cold keenly in the hands and feet only. On subsequent full diet did not feel the cold. Was sure that this was not due to change in weather, but thought he could endure colder weather with full diet. No change in weight of clothing.

Tho felt the cold very much when on the low diet; sometimes wore an extra sweater during experiment; otherwise no change in clothing.

Van, when on low diet, was cold, required much exercise to warm up, and could not induce perspiration. After full diet was resumed was not cold, required only a little exercise to warm up, and perspired easily. "During this cold weather, I naturally feel the cold, but there is a difference between the way it feels now and when on the diet".

All of the men in Squad A showed a marked disinclination to swim in the natatorium in Springfield as the experiment continued; a number of them found it so uncomfortable that the instructor was obliged to excuse them. On the day that the series of motion pictures was taken, February 1, 1918, the men were very much opposed to swimming until it was found that the water was unusually warm. Some of the men regularly instructed classes in swimming; in the latter part of the experiment these men did not go into the water at all, but instructed from the platform. After the return to the regular diet the subjects entered into the swimming with much enjoyment. This reluctance to go in swimming was not shown by the men in Squad B, even during the third week of the diet restriction; at least they made no comments on it.

During the endurance test, when the subjects held their arms extended horizontally for nearly an hour, it was noted that the hands became very blue, and several of the men reported that they suffered more from cold hands than from the strain of holding out their arms. On this particular day the gymnasium was unheated and the air particularly cold.

It was also observed that as the experiment continued the men were inclined to take more and more bed clothing into the group respiration chamber for the biweekly night experiments. Frequently the men would use not only their bath robes, but also their overcoats, notwithstanding the fact that the temperature of the chamber did not alter materially throughout the entire experiment. The lowest temperature recorded inside the group respiration chamber at night was 18.5° C. on November 24-25. As a matter of fact, one of the highest temperatures (22.9° C.) was noted the night of January 12-13, when the men were using an excessive amount of bed-covering. The temperature of the air in the chamber remained for the most part very close to 20° C, the total range being not more than 4° C. Since practically all of the men slept at college with their windows more or less open, the temperature of 20° C. in the respiration chamber must, in practically all instances, have been considerably higher than that to which they were regularly accustomed when sleeping. On the other hand, the bed clothing supplied inside the respiration chamber was somewhat less than the covering ordinarily used by the subjects, being that which was considered sufficient in a room at 20° C. for the average person on an ordinary diet.

Evidently there was a distinct tendency with all of these men to be not merely discommoded, but to suffer from the cold as the diet restriction proceeded. If heavier underwear and clothes had been provided prior to the lowering of the weight level it is probable that considerable discomfort might have been avoided. Although there was less heat loss than usual, the sensation of cold in the body was very materially increased. It would thus appear that the process of weight reduction necessarily demands increased clothing for insulation to retard in so far as possible the loss of heat.

The two subjects, Pec and Gul, give a striking illustration of the extremes in temperature regulation. Although the oldest subject (44 years), Pec was very active. He found it almost impossible to keep warm, even with an excess amount of clothing. On the other hand, Gul, in spite of the very severe winter, wore no underclothing in the effort to keep down his weight. In other words, he preferred to eat more and to increase radiation by wearing less clothing. It is obvious, of course, that his line of reasoning was not strictly scientific, but it was noted by all of us that Gul was a particularly active individual. On the days when the series of motion pictures was taken the other members of the squad gathered around a radiator and the motion-picture operator was cold and inclined to wear an overcoat, but Gul ran around in the unheated gymnasium with nothing on but a swimming jockey strap.