I. A Turkish province, one of the eyalets of Asia Minor, embracing ancient Lydia, Caria, the western part of Lycia, and southwestern Phrygia; pop. 450,000.

II. A city (surnamed Ouzel Hissar, beautiful castle), capital of the province, about 57 m. S. E. of Smyrna; pop. upward of 40,000, chiefly Turks. It is picturesquely situated on the Meander, and built out of the ruins of ancient Tralles, which was situated on the plateau of the Messogis above the town. Its important trade in cotton, figs, and other products has become still more active since the recent completion of the Smyrna-Aidin railway. The city is noted for its animation, and possesses many khans, bazaars, mosques, and palaces, as well as some interesting ruins. The American missionaries at Smyrna have a sub-mission here.