Antipater, a Macedonian general, one of the successors of Alexander, born about 390 B. C, died in 319. He was educated by Aristotle. Appointed viceroy of Macedonia and Greece when Alexander made his expedition into Asia, he defeated the Spartans and slew their king Agis in 331. Alexander became distrustful of him, and ordered him to be superseded, but died before the change could be made. At the division of the empire, Antip-ater received Macedonia and Greece, and the guardianship of the future child of Alexander by Roxana. When the death of Alexander became known, the Athenians determined to strike again for liberty, and made an alliance with the Aetolians, Thessalians, and all the Greeks north of the isthmus except the Boeotians, and with the Peloponnesians who were not of the Lacedaemonian party. The allies, under the Athenian Leosthenes, were at first successful; but Antipater, having been reen-forced, gave them battle in 322 at Crannon in Thessaly, and, though the victory was not com-plete, compelled them to sue separately for peace. The Athenians and Aetolians, deserted by their allies, were unable to continue the struggle.

Antipater demanded the surrender of Demosthenes and Hyperides, the two democratic orators, put a Macedonian garrison in Munychia to act in concert with Phocion and the Athenian conservative party, broke up the democratic constitution of Athens, and left the government in the hands of about 9,000 citizens who were possessed of a property qualification, and were disposed to peace, banishing most of the other citizens to various parts. He drove the Aetolians into their mountains, and starved them into submission. After the death of Perdiccas (321), Antipater made a new division of the provinces, giving a part of the territory of Perdiccas to Antigonus, part to Lysim-achus, and part to Seleucus.