The height of the pediment is generally about 1 1/2 diameter. The cornice crowning the inclined sides of the tympanum differs from the horizontal one at its base, inasmuch as the mutules are left out, and another member superimposed, which is either an ovolo with a fillet, or a cymatium, occupying a space equal to about one half of the depth of the cornice with its mutules. The tympanum was often decorated with sculpture. The flank cornice supported antefixae, an ornament used to cover the ends of the joint tiles of the roof. The antae or pilasters, nearly equal in diameter to the columns, did not diminish at the top, nor were they fluted like the columns; they generally had a congeries of mouldings at the top and the bottom. The Greeks never employed peripterally any other than the Doric order. - The Ionic, remarkable for its grace and suavity of proportions, holds a middle place between the simple Doric and the rich Corinthian order. According to some, it was originally employed in funereal edifices. At Telmessus, in Lycia, are to be found tombs cut in the rock, which invariably offer examples of this style; moreover, on the Grecian vases the representation of the Ionic column is symbolical of a sepulchral monument.

This order, as well as the Corinthian, is more tractable than the Doric. Like the latter, it is composed of stylo-bate, column, and entablature. The column has a base as well as a capital, and is about nine diameters in height. The base, about one half a diameter in height and 1 1/2 in width, is composed of a torus resting on the stylobate, a scotia, and a second torus, all about equal, and separated from each other by a fillet, one also finishing the apophyge, or escape of the shaft, which diminishes with entasis about one sixth of a diameter, bearing 24 flutes deeper than in the Doric column, and which are separated from each other by fillets. These flutes finish in the same curve above and below. The capital is about one half of a diameter in height, when unaccompanied by a necking; when one exists, it is about three quarters high. The volutes, carved on the faces of a parallelogrammic block, and connected at the sides by bolsters and in front by flowing lines, are supported by a congeries of mouldings, composed of a bead and ovolo. Superimposed is the abacus. These volutes are a full half diameter in depth, and extend in width about 1 1/2 diameter.

When this capital is accompanied by a necking, a torus is introduced in corbel mouldings, supporting the volutes, and the necking itself, ornamented with the honeysuckle and tendrils, is separated from the shaft by a fillet or a bead. The outer volute of the capital at the corners is inclined at an angle of 45°, so as to present a volute when viewed from either side; internally the two volutes meet at right angles. The entablature, a little over two diameters in height, is composed of architrave, frieze, and cornice. The former, occupying about two fifths of the whole height, contains three equal fascias, slightly projecting one beyond the other, the lowest one being in a plane tangent to the inferior circumference of the column. On the upper edge of the architrave are a few corbelling mouldings, comprising a little less than one quarter of its whole height. The frieze is of the same height with the architrave, recedes slightly, and is either plain or ornamented with sculpture. The projection of the cornice is about equal to its height.

It is composed of bed mouldings undercutting the corona; this latter is of great breadth, and the crown mouldings are of much less importance than in the Doric. The pediment of this order is also rather lower, and its cornice is crowned by a rectangular fillet surmounting small mouldings. The interco-lumniations differ from two to three diameters. - The only example of the Grecian Corinthian is to be found in the choragic monument of Lysicrates, which is a small circular structure decorated with engaged Corinthian columns, placed upon a high rectangular basement. This order is composed of a stylobate, a column, and entablature, the first occupying in height a little more than one diameter. The column is about 10 diameters high, has a base somewhat similar to the Ionic, between one third and one half of a diameter in height, and in width rather more than 1 1/2 diameter. The shaft, whose top diameter is about five sixths of that at the base, bears 24 flutes nearly semicircular, terminating at the bottom in the same curve, and at the top in leaves, the fillets forming stalks. The capital, separated from the shaft by a groove, is a little more than 1 1/3 diameter in height.

Its cylindrical body is surrounded at the bottom by a row of water leaves occupying about one sixth of the entire height. Above them is placed a row of acanthus leaves twice as high as the former, seemingly buttoned on. Between this second row and the abacus are helices and tendrils, the latter supporting honeysuckles in the middle of the abacus, which member is about one seventh of a diameter in height, and in plan presents a square with concave sides whose angles are cut off at 45°; its section presenting a fillet, on which reposes a cavetto and an ovolo separated by another fillet. The entablature is about 2 1/4 diameters in height, of which the architrave and cornice occupy separately rather more than one third, and the frieze rather less. The architrave is divided into three equal fascias, inclined inwardly sufficient to bring the outer edges in the same plane with the inferior diameter of the column; these fascias together are crowned by corbelling mouldings, being one sixth of the entire height. The frieze is slightly inclined also and is sculptured. The projection of the cornice is about equal to its height. The bed mouldings have about two fifths of this projection, and occupy five eighths of the entire height of the cornice, undercutting the soffit.

Their principal feature is a dentilled member, more than one quarter of the whole cornice in height. The height of the corona is only three eighths of the cornice, and nearly one third of this is taken up by the crowning ovolo and fillet. In this example the cornice is surmounted by a cut fascia supporting antefixae, somewhat similar to those employed on the flanks of Doric and Ionic temples. The intercolum-niation is 2 1/3 diameters. In the example offered us at the Acropolis of Athens the caryatides stand on a stereobatic dado, placed on the sty-lobate; the antae bear the mouldings of the temple to which they are attached, forming base mouldings to the dado, which has also a cornice. The entire height of the stereobate is about three fourths of that of the figures, taken together with their base and capital; the former is a square tablet or plinth, the latter a circular moulded block crowned by an abacus. The entablature is about two fifths of the height of the figures, and is nearly equally divided between architrave and cornice. The upper of the three fascias of the architrave is ornamented with circular disks. The cornice is composed as usual of bed mouldings, corona, and crown mouldings, the former with dentilled member forming about two fifths of the whole height.

The researches of Mr. Penrose have proved that all the horizontal lines of the Greek temples were curved, and that most of the plane faces inclined either out or in. These refinements were evidently intended in part to counteract certain obvious ocular illusions, but some of them are difficult to account for. Similar refinements are found in mediaeval and modern work.