Note. - The references R. S. are to Revised Statutes, Hurd, 1908; the references R. M. C. are to the Revised Municipal Code of Chicago of 1905.

Constitutional Rights. Extradition

A person charged in any state with any crime, who shall flee from justice, and be found in another state, shall, on demand of the executive authority of the state from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the state having jurisdiction of the crime.

Const. of U. S., Art. IV, sec. 2, Second R. S., p. 14.

Supreme Law Of Land

The constitution and the laws of the United States, made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made under the authority of the United States shall be the supreme law of the land; the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding.

Const. of u. s., Art. VI, sec. 1, Second R. S., p. 14.

Seizures

The right of the people to be secure, in their persons, houses, papers and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated.

Amend. to Const. IV. R. S., p. 15.

Jeopardy

No person shall be held to answer for infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in naval or military cases; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall he be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself nor to be deprived of life, liberty or property, without due process of law, etc.

Amend. to Const. V. R. S., p. 15.

Amend. to Const. VIII. R. S., p. 15.

Bail

Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

Amend. to Const. XIV, sec. 1. R. S., p. 16.

Who Citizens

All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are citizens of the United States, and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States, nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty or property, without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Const. of Ill., Art. I. R. S., p. 54.

Boundaries Of State

The boundaries and jurisdiction of the state shall be as follows, to wit: Beginning at the mouth of the Wabash river; thence up the same, and with the line of Indiana, to the northwest corner of said state; thence east, with the line of the same state, to the middle of Lake Michigan; thence north along the middle of said lake, to north latitude 42 degrees and 30 minutes; thence west to the middle of the Mississippi river, and thence down along the middle of that river to its confluence with the Ohio river, and thence up the latter river, along its northwestern shore to the place of beginning.

Bill Of Rights

No. 2. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.

No. 3. The free exercise and enjoyment of religious worship is guaranteed and no person shall be denied any right because of his religious opinions; but the liberty of conscience hereby secured shall not be construed to dispense with oaths, excuse acts of licentiousness, or justify practices inconsistent with the peace or safety of the state, etc.

No. 4. Every person may freely speak, write and publish on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of that liberty.

No. 5. The right of trial by jury as heretofore enjoyed shall remain inviolate.

No. 7. All persons shall be bailable by sufficient sureties except for capital offenses, where the proof is evident or the presumption great; the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended except in war times.

No. 8. No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense unless on indictment of a grand jury, except in cases in which the punishment is by fine, or imprisonment otherwise than in the penitentiary, in cases of impeachment, and in naval and military cases; provided that the grand jury may be abolished in all cases.

No. 9. In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall have the right to appear and defend in person and by counsel, to demand the nature and cause of the accusation and to have a copy thereof, to meet the witnesses face to face, and to have process to compel the attendance of witnesses in his behalf and a speedy public trial by an impartial jury in the county in which the offense is alleged to have been committed.

No. 10. No person shall be compelled in any criminal case to give evidence against himself or to be twice put in jeopardy for the same offense.

No. 11. All penalties shall be proportioned to the nature of the offense.

No. 17. The people have the right to assemble in a peaceable manner to consult for the common good, to make known their opinions to their representatives and to apply for redress of grievances.

No. 19. Every person ought to obtain, by law, right and justice freely, and without being obliged to purchase it, completely and without denial, promptly, and without delay.

Const. of Ill., Art. II. R. S.. p. 54.

Const. of Ill., Art. V. § 13. R. S., p. 62.

Pardons, Etc

The governor shall have the power to grant reprieves, commutations and pardons after conviction, subject to such regulations as may be provided relative to the manner of applying therefor.

Const. of Ill., Art. XII, § 1. R. S.. p. 73.

Militia

The militia of the state shall consist of all resident and able-bodied persons between the ages of 18 and 45, with certain exceptions.

U. S. R. S. 1873, § 2167.

Naturalization

Any alien being under 21 years, who has resided in the United States three years next preceding his arriving at that age and has continued to reside therein to the time of application for citizenship, may, after he arrives at the age of 21 years and after he has resided five years within the United States, including the three years of his minority, be admitted to citizenship without having made the declaration which must be made by adults two years before admission; such alien can make such declaration at the time of his admission; he shall further declare on oath and prove to the satisfaction of the court that for two years next preceding it has been his bona fide intention to become a citizen of the United States, etc.

2172

The children of persons who have been duly naturalized under the laws of the United States, being under the age of 21 years at the time of the naturalization of their parents, shall, if dwelling in the United States, be considered as citizens thereof; and the children of persons who now are or have been citizens of the United States shall, though born out of the limit and jurisdiction of the United States, be considered as citizens thereof.

§ 2172.

U. S. R. S., § 1873.

Fugitives From Justice

Whenever any state demands any person as a fugitive from justice, from another state to which such person has fled, and produces an indictment found or proper affidavit charging the person demanded with having committed a crime, properly authenticated by the government, it shall be the duty of the executive authority of the state to which the person has fled to cause his arrest and to send notice of such arrest to the state making the demand and to cause the fugitive to be delivered over to such state.