This section is from the book "Welding Theory, Practice, Apparatus And Tests Electric, Thermit And Hot-Flame Processes", by Richard N. Hart. Also available from Amazon: Welding: Theory, Practice, Apparatus And Tests, Electric, Thermit And Hot-Flame Processes.
Pure or nearly pure iron is readily weldable at a white heat. Malleable, or nearly pure wrought iron, is known as weld iron. The range of temperature in which it can be welded is very wide: it runs from the imperfect weld at cherry-red, to dazzling white, when the welding property is lost just before the iron melts. According to Pouillet, the different colors of heated metals are represented approximately by the temperatures given:
Deg. C | |
Incipient red ................................ | 525 |
Dark red ........................................ | . 700 |
Incipient cherry ........................... | . 800 |
Clear cherry-red ..................... | . 1000 |
White........................................... | . 1300 |
Dazzling white................................... | 1500 |
Melting.......................................... | 155o |
Wrightson1 states that he found iron to increase in volume as much as 7 per cent, when passing into the plastic stage.
 
Continue to: