Hagenau , (Fr. Haguenau), a city of Germany, in Alsace, on the Moder, in the midst of a large forest called the Hagenauer Wald, 16 m. N. by E. of Strasburg; pop. in 1871, 11,331. It is surrounded by ancient walls flanked with towers. There are five churches, of which that of St. Nicholas was built in the 13th century and St. George's in the 12th, a communal college, manufactories of woollen and cotton, tanneries, breweries, and hemp mills, and a considerable trade in timber, wool, madder, and hops. It was founded about the middle of the 12th century, and fortified by the emperor Frederick I. In 1423 it was pawned by the emperor Sigismund to the elector palatine, but was redeemed by Ferdinand I. in 1558, and afterward belonged to the house of Haps-burg, until by the peace of Westphalia (1648) it came to France. There were bloody encounters near Hagenau, between the French and Austrians, Oct. 17 and Dec. 22, 1793; but it was retained by the French until the war of 1870 gave Alsace to Germany.